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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

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Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

MingXu Lin1, YuHua Chen2,3, Jie Ning1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, China.

International Journal of Endocrinology
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Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare endocrine disorder causing severe hypoglycemia due to insulin autoantibodies. Early diagnosis and supportive care, including diet and medication, are key for managing this self-limiting condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare endocrine disorder.
  • It is characterized by recurrent severe hypoglycemia, elevated serum insulin, and insulin autoantibodies.
  • IAS diagnosis requires excluding other hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive analysis of IAS.
  • To cover epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing and managing IAS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of IAS cases.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria, including insulin and C-peptide levels.
  • Overview of treatment strategies, from supportive care to immunosuppression.

Main Results:

  • IAS diagnosis is confirmed by high insulin autoantibodies with non-parallel C-peptide levels.
  • The condition is generally self-limiting with a good prognosis.
  • Treatment involves dietary adjustments, glucose absorption modulators, and potentially immunosuppressants or plasma exchange for severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • IAS is an important, albeit rare, endocrine disorder requiring clinical attention.
  • Accurate diagnosis and tailored management are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Further research can enhance understanding and treatment protocols for IAS.