Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and future perspectives
Deepa S Mandlik1, Satish K Mandlik2, Heena B Choudhary3
1Department of Pharmacology, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India. deepa.mandlik@bharatividyapeeth.edu.
World Journal of Gastroenterology
|February 27, 2023
Summary
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment needs improvement. Cancer immunotherapy offers new hope for advanced liver cancer by harnessing the immune system to fight tumors.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology and Oncology
- Immunology and Cancer Research
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly, rapidly growing liver cancer with poor prognosis.
- Existing treatments for advanced HCC are limited and can worsen liver conditions, highlighting an unmet clinical need.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current landscape of immunotherapies for advanced HCC.
- To critically evaluate recent clinical trial outcomes and discuss future perspectives.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical and preclinical data on HCC immunotherapies.
- Analysis of outcomes from recent clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, engineered cytokines, and adoptive cell therapy.
Main Results:
- Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new treatment modality for HCC.
- Various immunotherapeutic strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, are being investigated and applied in advanced HCC.
Conclusions:
- Immunotherapy represents a significant advancement in treating advanced HCC.
- Further research and clinical trials are crucial to optimize immunotherapy strategies for liver cancer.
Keywords:
Alpha-fetoproteinCancer vaccineCombination therapiesHepatocellular carcinomaImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmunotherapyMore Related Videos
11:08Advances in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Expressing Natural Killer Cells
Published on: February 14, 2025
913
12:24A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: September 30, 2021
5.3K
Related Concept Videos
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
611
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
611
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
01:30Cancer Vaccines
468
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
468
02:49Cancer Therapies
7.9K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.9K
02:56Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.0K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.0K