Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
10:03

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty

Published on: January 28, 2020

5.4K

Prognostic value of growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis and

Song Zhang1,2,3,4, Panpan Hao3,4, Jiaxin Li1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|February 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Elevated growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients predict higher risks of all-cause and cardiovascular death. GDF-15 shows a weaker predictive effect on myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarkers
  • Predictive Analytics

Background:

  • The prognostic value of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients is debated.
  • This study investigates GDF-15's predictive capacity for cardiovascular outcomes, including all-cause death, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, pooling data from 10 studies involving 49,443 CAD patients.
  • Searches included PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to December 2020.
  • Statistical analyses included fixed/random effect models, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessment.

Key Points:

  • High GDF-15 concentrations significantly increased the risk of all-cause death (HR 2.24) and cardiovascular death (HR 2.00) in CAD patients, even after adjusting for other biomarkers.
  • GDF-15 also predicted MI risk (HR 1.42), though with a lower magnitude compared to death outcomes.
  • The association between GDF-15 and stroke risk was borderline significant (HR 1.43, p=0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated GDF-15 levels on admission are an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular death in CAD patients.
  • GDF-15 demonstrates a diminished predictive value for MI compared to mortality outcomes.
  • Further research is warranted to clarify the association between GDF-15 and stroke outcomes in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
coronary artery diseasegrowth differentiation factor-15independent prognostic valuemyocardial infarctionsystematic review and meta-analysis

More Related Videos

Predicting Amputation using Local Circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells in Angioplasty-treated Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia07:25

Predicting Amputation using Local Circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells in Angioplasty-treated Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia

Published on: September 22, 2020

3.5K
Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer08:12

Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: March 14, 2019

5.6K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
19
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
20
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
42
Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
20
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
20
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
28