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Small airway disease and asthma control.
Seda Beyhan Sagmen1, Berrin Zinnet Eraslan1, Ersin Demirer1
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Health Science University Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Summary
Maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) is a key indicator of small airway disease in asthma patients. Lower MMEF values correlate with poorer asthma control, highlighting the importance of assessing small airway function.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Small airway disease is a significant factor in asthma, often present even with normal spirometry.
- Maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) is a sensitive measure for detecting small airway obstruction.
- Assessing MMEF can provide insights into asthma control and disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the role of MMEF in assessing asthma control.
- To determine the prevalence of small airway disease in asthma patients with normal FEV1.
- To investigate the impact of small airway disease on asthma control.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of asthma patients diagnosed between 2018-2019.
- Exclusion criteria included FEV1 <80%, comorbidities, recent exacerbations, and smoking.
- MMEF <65 was defined as indicative of small airway disease.
Main Results:
- Uncontrolled asthma patients exhibited significantly lower MMEF% and MMEF (L/s) values.
- Lower MMEF values were associated with increased wheezing and nocturnal symptoms.
- Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores were lower in patients with MMEF <65.
Conclusions:
- MMEF is a valuable tool for identifying small airway disease in asthma.
- Reduced MMEF is linked to poorer asthma control and increased symptom burden.
- Clinical consideration of small airway disease, assessed by MMEF, is beneficial for asthma management.
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