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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19

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Monitoring Temporal Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Levels and Variant-Specific Risk for Infection, Dominican

Eric J Nilles, Michael de St Aubin, Devan Dumas

Emerging Infectious Diseases

|February 27, 2023

Summary

SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels significantly increased in the Dominican Republic from 2021 to 2022, enhancing immunologic protection against variants. This rise in antibodies correlated with a decreased risk of acute infection.

Keywords:

COVID-19 Dominican Republic SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease respiratory infections severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibody vaccine-preventable diseases viruses zoonoses

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Virology
Epidemiology

Background:

Assessing population immunity is crucial for understanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics.
Antibody prevalence and titers provide insights into immunologic protection against evolving viral strains.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike binding antibody prevalence in the Dominican Republic.
To determine the implications of these antibody changes for protection against variants of concern.

Main Methods:

Prospective enrollment of 2,300 patients with febrile illnesses from March 2021 to August 2022.
Testing serum samples for spike antibodies and nasopharyngeal samples for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection via RT-PCR.
Analyzing geometric mean antibody titers and multivariable odds ratios for acute infection across antibody quartiles.

Main Results:

Geometric mean antibody titers rose dramatically from 6.6 BAU/mL (March-June 2021) to 1,332 BAU/mL (May-August 2022).
Higher anti-spike antibody levels were associated with significantly reduced odds of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
These protective effects were consistent across different viral strains.

Conclusions:

A substantial increase in SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence and titers was observed in the Dominican Republic.
Elevated antibody levels correlate with enhanced immunologic protection against infection, including variants.
Integrated serologic and virologic monitoring can track population immunity and its impact on variant transmission.