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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

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The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
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Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Related Experiment Video

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In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells
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Autophagy and kidney aging.

Satoshi Minami1, Takeshi Yamamoto2, Hitomi Yamamoto-Imoto1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology
|February 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, declines with age, contributing to kidney disease. This review explores targeting autophagy to improve kidney aging and combat chronic kidney disease.

Keywords:
AutophagyChronic kidney diseaseKidney agingLysosome

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Gerontology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process for maintaining homeostasis by degrading damaged components.
  • Aging is linked to dysregulated autophagy, increasing susceptibility to age-related diseases, particularly chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Kidney function significantly declines with age, with aging being a primary risk factor for CKD.

Approach:

  • This review examines the intricate relationship between autophagy and the aging kidney.
  • It elucidates the mechanisms underlying age-related disruptions in autophagic pathways.
  • The review discusses the therapeutic potential of autophagy-modulating drugs for ameliorating kidney aging.

Key Points:

  • Autophagy dysregulation is a hallmark of cellular aging and contributes to age-related pathologies.
  • Kidney aging is characterized by impaired autophagy, exacerbating kidney dysfunction and CKD risk.
  • Targeting autophagy presents a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating kidney aging and preventing CKD.

Conclusions:

  • Restoring or enhancing autophagic activity may offer a novel approach to treat age-related kidney decline.
  • Further research is needed to identify and develop effective autophagy-targeting agents for human kidney aging.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms of autophagy dysregulation in aging kidneys is crucial for therapeutic development.