Recent Development in Biomedical Applications of Oligonucleotides with Triplex-Forming Ability
Incherah Bekkouche1, Alexander Y Shishonin2, Alexandre A Vetcher1,2
1Nanotechnology Scientific and Educational Center, Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia.
Polymers
|February 28, 2023
Summary
Triple-stranded DNA (TFO) forms a triple helix using Hoogsteen base pairing. This structure has potential biomedical applications, influencing gene expression and disease development.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Triple-stranded DNA (TFO) is a nucleic acid structure formed by three oligonucleotide chains coiling into a triple helix.
- Hoogsteen base pairing facilitates the formation of TFOs by allowing a third strand to bind to DNA, RNA, or PNA.
- TFOs can function as anchors for bioactive molecules or as regulators of transcription and replication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development and biomedical applications of triple-stranded DNA (TFOs).
- To explore the role of TFOs in gene regulation and their association with various diseases.
- To examine the influence of factors like pH and low-molecular-weight compounds on TFO formation in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on TFO formation and biomedical applications.
- Analysis of Hoogsteen base pairing principles in DNA, RNA, and PNA structures.
- Investigation of factors affecting TFO stability and function, including pH and small molecules.
Main Results:
- Triple-stranded DNA structures offer versatile applications in molecular biology and medicine.
- The formation and function of TFOs are influenced by sequence composition and environmental factors like pH.
- Dysregulation of triplex-prone sequences is linked to the pathogenesis of certain diseases.
Conclusions:
- Triple-stranded DNA (TFO) holds significant promise for developing novel biomedical tools and therapeutic strategies.
- Understanding the factors governing TFO formation is crucial for harnessing their potential in gene targeting and disease intervention.
- Further research into TFOs could lead to advancements in treating conditions associated with triplex-prone sequences.
