Super-Resolution and Wide-Field-of-View Imaging Based on Large-Angle Deflection with Risley Prisms

A novel single camera combined with Risley prisms is proposed to achieve a super-resolution (SR) imaging and field-of-view extension (FOV) imaging method. We develop a mathematical model to consider the imaging aberrations caused by large-angle beam deflection and propose an SR reconstruction scheme that uses a beam backtracking method for image correction combined with a sub-pixel shift alignment technique. For the FOV extension, we provide a new scheme for the scanning position path of the Risley prisms and the number of image acquisitions, which improves the acquisition efficiency and reduces the complexity of image stitching. Simulation results show that the method can increase the image resolution to the diffraction limit of the optical system for imaging systems where the resolution is limited by the pixel size. Experimental results and analytical verification yield that the resolution of the image can be improved by a factor of 2.5, and the FOV extended by a factor of 3 at a reconstruction factor of 5. The FOV extension is in general agreement with the simulation results. Risley prisms can provide a more general, low-cost, and efficient method for SR reconstruction, FOV expansion, central concave imaging, and various scanning imaging.