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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

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Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

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UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given...
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Compressive Sensing Imaging Spectrometer for UV-Vis Stellar Spectroscopy: Instrumental Concept and Performance

Vanni Nardino1, Donatella Guzzi1, Cinzia Lastri1

  • 1IFAC-CNR, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.

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|February 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Compressive sensing (CS) enables compact optical instruments for space. This study introduces a novel CS imaging spectrometer for UV-Vis stellar spectroscopy, achieving high compression ratios with good data quality.

Keywords:
DMDcompressive sensingimaging spectrometerspatial light modulatorstellar spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Optical Instrumentation
  • Spectroscopy
  • Space Science

Background:

  • Compressive sensing (CS) offers a novel approach for optical instrumentation by merging signal acquisition and compression.
  • CS leverages signal sparsity for compact data acquisition using fewer detector elements.
  • Limited studies exist on CS applications in space, particularly for stellar spectroscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the concept, optical design, and performance of a CS imaging spectrometer for UV-Vis stellar spectroscopy.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of CS for space-based spectral measurements.
  • To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of CS compared to traditional systems in this context.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an instrumental concept and optical design for a CS imaging spectrometer.
  • Operation in the 300 nm-650 nm spectral range with varying spectral sampling.
  • Data reconstruction and performance evaluation using CCSDS-recommended quality metrics.

Main Results:

  • The CS imaging spectrometer demonstrated good performance in data reconstruction quality.
  • The instrument achieved compression ratios of 20 or higher with minimal information loss.
  • Spectral sampling ranged from 2.2 nm to 22 nm across the UV-Vis spectrum.

Conclusions:

  • CS is a viable and disruptive approach for developing compact stellar spectroscopy instruments for space applications.
  • The designed instrument offers high compression ratios suitable for space missions with data transmission constraints.
  • The study highlights the potential of CS to advance space-based optical instrumentation.