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The Quest for a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine for Older Adults: Thinking beyond the F Protein

Victoria A Jenkins1, Bernard Hoet1, Hubertus Hochrein2

  • 1Bavarian Nordic AG, 6301 Zug, Switzerland.

Vaccines
|February 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Older adults are susceptible to severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) due to incomplete immunity. Research is exploring RSV vaccine candidates targeting specific antigens to improve protection in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant respiratory illness in both children and older adults.
  • Natural immunity to RSV is incomplete, leading to recurrent infections throughout life.
  • Older adults experience increased susceptibility to severe RSV disease due to immunosenescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the unmet need for RSV vaccines in older adults.
  • To explore the complex immune response to RSV in the context of aging.
  • To identify effective antigenic targets for RSV vaccine development in older populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Phase 3 clinical trial data for RSV vaccine candidates in older adults.
  • Analysis of immune responses, including neutralising IgG and cellular immunity, to various RSV antigens (pre-F, F, G, M2-1, N).
  • Investigation into the relationship between antigenic targets and vaccine effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Several RSV vaccine candidates targeting different antigens have demonstrated efficacy in older adults during clinical trials.
  • Vaccine candidates have induced robust neutralising IgG and cellular immune responses.
  • Understanding the nuances of the RSV immune response is crucial for optimizing vaccine effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults are a key target population for RSV vaccine development due to their vulnerability.
  • Ongoing research is vital to understand RSV-host interactions and refine vaccine strategies.
  • Further investigation into antigenic targets is necessary to achieve optimal protection against RSV in older adults.

Keywords:
RSVimmunityolder adultsvaccinationvaccine efficacy

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