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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
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Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

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Children's SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Their Vaccination.

Sneh Lata Gupta1, Rohit Tyagi2, Atika Dhar1

  • 1National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India.

Vaccines
|February 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for children due to increased Omicron variant infections and associated complications. This article details pediatric immune responses and available vaccines, including bivalent options, to encourage vaccine acceptance.

Keywords:
EUAMIS-COmicronSARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology and Immunology
  • * Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • * Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes significant global mortality and healthcare burdens.
  • * While adults are high-risk, SARS-CoV-2 infections and complications in children, particularly with the Omicron variant, necessitate urgent vaccination strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To analyze the current landscape of SARS-CoV-2 infections in pediatric populations.
  • * To compare the immune system responses to SARS-CoV-2 in children versus adults.
  • * To provide a detailed overview of available COVID-19 vaccines for children, including bivalent formulations, to promote vaccine uptake.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of current scientific literature on SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology in children.
  • * Comparative analysis of pediatric and adult immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
  • * Comprehensive description of pediatric COVID-19 vaccine candidates and approved formulations.

Main Results:

  • * Increased SARS-CoV-2 infection rates observed in children with the Omicron variant.
  • * Distinct differences in immune system responses to SARS-CoV-2 between children and adults identified.
  • * Availability of various COVID-19 vaccines, including bivalent options, specifically for pediatric use.

Conclusions:

  • * COVID-19 vaccination is essential for children due to rising infection rates and potential complications.
  • * Understanding pediatric immune responses is key to tailoring effective vaccination strategies.
  • * Disseminating detailed information on pediatric vaccines, including bivalent types, can enhance acceptance and public health outcomes.