Adiposity impacts cognitive function in Asian populations: an epidemiological and Mendelian Randomization study
Theresia Mina1, Yik Weng Yew1,2, Hong Kiat Ng1
1Nanyang Technological University Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Level 18 Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore.
The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific
|February 28, 2023
Summary
Obesity, particularly visceral fat and high BMI, is linked to cognitive decline in Asians. This suggests a causal relationship, highlighting the need to address obesity for brain health.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Metabolic Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Obesity and metabolic disorders are rising globally, especially in Asia.
- These conditions are known risk factors for future cognitive decline and dementia.
- Investigating the link between adiposity and cognition in Asian populations is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the impact of adiposity and metabolic risk on cognitive function in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.
- To utilize epidemiological analysis and Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore causal relationships.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 8769 participants from the Health for Life in Singapore (HELIOS) Study (2018-2021).
- Assessment of whole-body fat mass (DEXA) and general cognition using a computerized battery.
- Regression and MR analyses investigating adiposity (BMI, VAT, WHR) and metabolic factors (lipids, glucose, blood pressure) in relation to cognitive function.
Main Results:
- Reduced general cognition was associated with increased visceral fat mass index and lower HDL cholesterol.
- Higher visceral fat, BMI, and WHR were causally linked to reduced cognition via MR.
- MR did not support causal links between blood pressure, lipid, or glycemic indices and cognition.
Conclusions:
- Adiposity, specifically visceral fat and elevated BMI, is independently and causally associated with poorer cognitive function in Asians.
- Findings underscore the importance of managing obesity to preserve cognitive health in the Asia-Pacific region.
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