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Dysconnection and cognition in schizophrenia: A spectral dynamic causal modeling study
Tahereh S Zarghami1,2, Peter Zeidman3, Adeel Razi3,4,5,6
1Bio-Electric Department, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Teran, Tehran, Iran.
Human Brain Mapping
|February 28, 2023
Summary
Effective connectivity (EC) analysis revealed significant brain dysconnections in schizophrenia (SZ) patients, particularly within the cognitive control network. These findings highlight EC
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Computational Psychiatry
Background:
- Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe mental disorder marked by widespread brain dysconnection.
- Functional connectivity (FC) studies have identified network alterations, but effective connectivity (EC) offers insights into causal influences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate resting-state effective connectivity (EC) within seven large-scale brain networks in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and healthy controls.
- To compare the diagnostic power of EC versus FC in identifying brain alterations in SZ.
- To explore the neural correlates of cognitive impairments in SZ by correlating EC parameters with cognitive test scores.
Main Methods:
- Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 66 SZ patients and 74 healthy controls were analyzed.
- Model-based effective connectivity (EC) analysis was performed on seven large-scale brain networks.
- Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to link EC parameters with cognitive assessment scores.
Main Results:
- A significant proportion of effective connections (33%) within the cognitive control network were pathologically altered in SZ patients.
- Dysconnections were also identified in the visual (24%), default mode (20%), and sensorimotor (11%) networks in SZ.
- EC analysis revealed a higher proportion of discriminative connections (24%) compared to FC analysis (1%).
- Specific EC parameters, including self-inhibitions in the sensorimotor network and excitatory connections in the cognitive control network, correlated significantly with cognitive functions like social cognition, reasoning, and working memory.
Conclusions:
- Effective connectivity analysis is a powerful tool for detecting brain dysfunctions in schizophrenia, outperforming functional connectivity.
- Aberrant effective connectivity patterns in key brain networks are associated with cognitive deficits in SZ.
- Whole-brain EC holds potential as a biomarker for diagnosing brain disorders and for neuroimaging-based cognitive assessment.
Keywords:
canonical correlation analysiscognitive impairmentdynamic causal modelingdysconnection hypothesiseffective connectivityresting state fMRIschizophreniaMore Related Videos
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