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Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model
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Myxoid Liposarcomas: Systemic Treatment Options.

Elise F Nassif1,2,3, Emily Z Keung3, Prapassorn Thirasastr1

  • 1Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, USA.

Current Treatment Options in Oncology
|February 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Myxoid/round-cell liposarcoma (MRCL) is the most chemo-sensitive subtype. Current treatments include anthracycline chemotherapy and trabectedin, with new T cell therapies showing promise.

Keywords:
Adoptive T cell therapiesCancer testis antigensDoxorubicinMyxoid liposarcomaRound-cell liposarcomaTrabectedin

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Myxoid/round-cell liposarcoma (MRCL) constitutes 30% of liposarcomas and is the most chemo-sensitive subtype.
  • MRCL presents a 5-year local relapse rate of 10% and distant metastasis rate of 20%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on standard chemotherapy for MRCL.
  • To summarize emerging biomarker-selected treatments for MRCL.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence on standard chemotherapy regimens.
  • Summary of novel therapeutic classes, including T cell receptor cellular therapies.

Main Results:

  • Anthracycline-based chemotherapy offers an overall response rate (ORR) of ~40% by RECIST criteria.
  • Trabectedin shows a 20% ORR by RECIST, with higher response rates by CHOI criteria.
  • Emerging T cell therapies targeting NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-A4 show up to 40% ORR and 8.7 months median progression-free survival.

Conclusions:

  • Anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy remains the first-line standard for MRCL.
  • Trabectedin is an alternative first-line option when anthracyclines are contraindicated.
  • Novel therapies, particularly T cell receptor cellular therapies, demonstrate promising results and warrant further investigation.