Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

12.4K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
12.4K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
6.2K
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

1.3K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.3K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

6.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.4K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

7.6K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
7.6K
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

5.0K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Maternal Cesarean Section and Offspring ASD or ADHD Risk: A Nurses' Health Study II Analysis.

American journal of epidemiologyยท2026
Same author

Leveraging <i>cis-</i> and <i>trans-</i> variants to improve protein expression level prediction for proteome-wide association studies.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biologyยท2026
Same author

A rapid review of genetic association studies of parent-of-origin effects and fetal growth.

Molecular and cellular pediatricsยท2026
Same author

Association of genetic variants in the autophagy gene ATG4B with asthma.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciencesยท2026
Same author

Shared genetic and neuroimmune architecture links type 1 diabetes with neurocognitive traits.

Nature communicationsยท2026
Same author

PAD-associated Genetic Variants are More Strongly Associated with Surgical Intervention than Premature Onset.

Journal of cardiovascular translational researchยท2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
28:15

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer

Published on: July 28, 2010

12.4K

Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Somatic Gene Mutations by Population Subgroups.

Xinyi Shen1, Andrew T DeWan2, Caroline H Johnson1

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

Cancer Discovery
|March 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) shows significant differences in somatic mutations based on race/ethnicity and sex. Understanding these genetic variations is crucial for developing targeted therapies in diverse patient populations.

More Related Videos

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres
06:52

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Published on: July 22, 2020

6.6K
Quantification of Colonic Stem Cell Mutations
07:53

Quantification of Colonic Stem Cell Mutations

Published on: September 25, 2015

6.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
28:15

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer

Published on: July 28, 2010

12.4K
Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres
06:52

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Published on: July 22, 2020

6.6K
Quantification of Colonic Stem Cell Mutations
07:53

Quantification of Colonic Stem Cell Mutations

Published on: September 25, 2015

6.7K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly diagnosed in younger individuals.
  • Genetic and biological factors influencing early-onset CRC are not fully understood across diverse populations.

Discussion:

  • This study investigates somatic mutation profiles in early-onset CRC.
  • Analysis reveals significant heterogeneity based on race/ethnicity and sex.

Key Insights:

  • Identified distinct patterns of somatic mutations correlating with racial/ethnic background.
  • Uncovered sex-specific differences in the mutational landscape of early-onset CRC.
  • Highlights the importance of considering demographic factors in CRC research.

Outlook:

  • Findings pave the way for personalized treatment strategies in early-onset CRC.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the functional impact of identified mutations.
  • Promotes a more inclusive approach to cancer genomics and precision medicine.