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Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Allergic rhinitis in India.

Subhabrata Moitra1, Padukudru Anand Mahesh2, Saibal Moitra3

  • 1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is rising in India, affecting 22% of adolescents. Suboptimal diagnosis and management highlight the need for improved training, awareness, and accessible treatments for allergic diseases in India.

Keywords:
immunotherapyindoor air pollutionrisk factorsecond-hand smokeskin prick test

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • India faces a growing burden of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma, impacting its large population.
  • Current estimates suggest approximately 22% of Indian adolescents have AR, though underreporting in rural areas may obscure the true prevalence.
  • Emerging risk factors for AR in India include environmental exposures like dumpsters and traffic, alongside social and behavioral factors such as nighttime light exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of allergic rhinitis in India.
  • To compare the Indian AR scenario with global trends.
  • To identify strategies for improving the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases in India.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing data and literature on allergic rhinitis in India.
  • The review analyzes epidemiological trends, risk factors, and current healthcare challenges.
  • It also examines international guidelines and their applicability in the Indian context.

Main Results:

  • Allergic rhinitis prevalence is significant in India, particularly among adolescents.
  • Diagnosis and management of AR in India are often suboptimal due to limited specialized training, diagnostic facilities, and high medication costs.
  • Unique environmental, social, and behavioral risk factors are associated with AR in India.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for a strategic approach to enhance allergic disease care in India.
  • Upgrading healthcare professional education and training in allergy and immunology is essential.
  • Increasing awareness among clinicians and patients, alongside policy interventions for accessible and affordable treatments, is crucial.