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Risk of asthma in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tong Sun1, Hai-Yang Yu2, Miao Yang1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, China.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|March 1, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) face a significantly higher risk of developing asthma. Long-term monitoring is recommended for these infants to manage future respiratory health.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Investigating the link between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants and the subsequent development of asthma.
  • Understanding the long-term respiratory health implications for premature infants.

Approach:

  • Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of nine studies.
  • Searched major databases (Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library) up to March 2022.
  • Utilized a random-effects model to pool odds ratios (OR) and assess publication bias.

Key Points:

  • Preterm infants with BPD exhibit a 1.73 times higher risk of developing asthma (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.43-2.09).
  • The meta-analysis showed no significant heterogeneity (P = 0.617, I² = 0%) or publication bias.
  • Pooled OR estimates remained consistent across sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants is a significant risk factor for developing asthma.
  • Early identification and long-term follow-up care are crucial for managing asthma risk in these vulnerable infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
AsthmaBronchopulmonary dysplasiaPreterm infants

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