Mutual regulation between glycosylation and transforming growth factor-β isoforms signaling pathway

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry
• Cell Signaling

Background:

• Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily members are critical regulators of diverse biological processes.
• TGF-β signaling pathways are implicated in numerous diseases, including cancers, fibrosis, autoimmune, cardiovascular, and brain disorders.
• Glycosylation, a prevalent post-translational modification, significantly impacts protein function and cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of current findings on glycosylation within TGF-βs and their receptors.
• To elucidate the interaction effects between glycosylation and TGF-β subfamily signaling.
• To highlight the intricate mutual regulation between glycosylation and TGF-β signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of existing literature.
• Analysis of research associating glycosylation modifications with TGF-β signaling.
• Integration of findings on glycosylation of TGF-β receptors and ligands.

Main Results:

• Evidence increasingly links glycosylation modifications to TGF-β signaling pathway activity.
• Glycosylation affects TGF-β receptors and ligands, influencing pathway activation.
• An intricate, mutual regulatory relationship exists between glycosylation and TGF-β signaling.

Conclusions:

• Glycosylation is a critical regulatory layer in TGF-β signaling.
• Understanding glycosylation's role is essential for investigating TGF-β-related diseases.
• This review presents glycosylation regulatory patterns within TGF-β signaling pathways.