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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
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Telecom-wavelength conversion in a high optical depth cold atomic system.

Wei-Hang Zhang, Ying-Hao Ye, Lei Zeng

    Optics Express
    |March 2, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study demonstrates efficient frequency down-conversion using four-wave mixing in a cold rubidium-85 atomic ensemble. High optical depth enabled single-photon conversion to telecom wavelengths with 32% efficiency, crucial for quantum networks.

    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Atomic physics
    • Nonlinear optics

    Background:

    • Four-wave mixing (FWM) is a key nonlinear optical process for frequency conversion.
    • Cold atomic ensembles offer enhanced light-matter interactions for efficient nonlinear processes.
    • Developing efficient single-photon frequency converters is vital for quantum communication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally investigate frequency down-conversion via FWM in a cold 85Rb atomic ensemble.
    • To achieve high-efficiency conversion of single-photon level signals to telecom wavelengths.
    • To explore the role of optical depth (OD) in conversion efficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a cold 85Rb atomic ensemble with a high optical depth (OD) of 190.
    • Implementing a diamond-level configuration for the four-wave mixing process.

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    Last Updated: Aug 8, 2025

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  • Converting a 795 nm signal pulse (single-photon level) to 1529.3 nm telecom light.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved frequency conversion efficiency up to 32% for single-photon level signals.
    • Demonstrated that optical depth is a critical factor influencing conversion efficiency.
    • Observed a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 10 for the converted telecom light.

    Conclusions:

    • High optical depth in cold atomic ensembles is essential for efficient frequency conversion.
    • The demonstrated technique shows potential for integration with quantum memories for quantum networks.
    • Further improvements in OD could lead to conversion efficiencies exceeding 32%.