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Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles
Published on: January 26, 2024
Periodontitis & preeclampsia: were outer membrane vesicles a potential connection?
Zheng Wang1, Leyun Cui2, Yanglong Nan2
1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Insights
Preeclampsia (PE) risk may increase with periodontitis, an oral inflammation. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) might link oral health and PE development by affecting trophoblast function.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Periodontology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and infant mortality worldwide.
- Current PE management strategies are limited, necessitating research into novel pathogenetic mechanisms.
- Periodontitis, a chronic oral inflammation, is increasingly linked to PE development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential role of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from oral bacteria in linking periodontitis to preeclampsia.
- To explore OMVs as a mechanism contributing to trophoblast dysfunction in PE pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing evidence on periodontitis, OMVs, and preeclampsia.
- Analysis of the proposed mechanism involving microflora-derived OMVs in systemic circulation.
- Examination of OMVs' potential to carry bioactive materials and influence host tissues.
Main Results:
- Growing evidence suggests a correlation between periodontitis and increased PE incidence.
- Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released by oral bacteria can enter the host circulation.
- OMVs may mediate interactions between oral bacteria and the host, contributing to systemic diseases.
Conclusions:
- OMVs are proposed as a key mechanism linking periodontitis-induced inflammation to preeclampsia.
- OMVs may contribute to trophoblast dysfunction, a critical factor in PE pathogenesis.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise role of OMVs in the PE-periodontitis relationship.
Abstract:
Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is gestation-specific hypertension coupled by systemic multiple organ damages, remaining the leading causes of maternal and infant death worldwide.Materials and methods: Though numerous pathogenetic mechanisms have been engaged in this disorder and several methods have been undertaken to treat PE, few clinical strategies are effective in PE management, suggesting more studies from novel perspective being in great need to decipher the underlying mechanisms of PE.Results: Growing evidence shows that women with periodontitis, an oral microflora-induced chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues, are more inclined to suffer PE, which may be tightly associated with microflora-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Latest studies reveal that OMVs are spherical membrane-enclosed entities released by bacteria and can gain free access to the circulation of the host and therefore reach the remote tissue of the host, participating the interaction among oral bacterial with the host and contribute to some systemic disease with carried bioactive materials.Conclusions: OMVs may be the underlying mechanism linking oral flora-induced periodontitis with dysfunction trophoblast and finally contributes to the pathogenesis of in PE. Here we provide evidence to support the potential roles of OMVs linking periodontal disease between PE.
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