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Systemic inflammatory markers in patients with polyneuropathies.

Patricia García-Fernández1, Klemens Höfflin1, Antonia Rausch1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

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|March 2, 2023
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Summary

Peripheral neuropathies (PNP) and neuropathic pain are not generally linked to systemic inflammation. However, specific inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlate with nerve damage and pain, highlighting CSF analysis importance.

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blood CSF barriercerebrospinal fluidcytokinesneurofilament light chainpolyneuropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Peripheral neuropathies (PNP) affect 50% of patients with neuropathic pain, irrespective of cause.
  • Inflammatory processes are implicated in neurodegeneration, regeneration, and pain in PNP.
  • Systemic inflammatory marker levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) show high variability in PNP patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between systemic inflammation and the development of PNP and neuropathic pain.
  • To comprehensively analyze protein, lipid, and gene expression of inflammatory markers in PNP patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of protein, lipid, and gene expression of inflammatory markers.
  • Comparison of blood and CSF samples from PNP patients and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • No significant general differences in systemic inflammatory markers between PNP patients and controls.
  • Specific cytokines (e.g., CCL2) and lipids (e.g., oleoylcarnitine) differed between groups.
  • Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and CCL2 levels correlated with axonal damage and neuropathic pain.
  • A strong interaction between inflammation and neurodegeneration was observed in PNP patients with blood-CSF barrier dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic inflammatory markers in blood or CSF do not generally differ in PNP patients compared to controls, but specific markers do.
  • CSF analysis is crucial for understanding PNP and associated neuropathic pain.
  • Findings suggest a complex interplay between inflammation, neurodegeneration, and neuropathic pain in specific PNP subgroups.