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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

176
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
176
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

111
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
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Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality01:30

Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality

606
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
606
Horney's Sociocultural Approach01:27

Horney's Sociocultural Approach

601
Karen Horney's psychoanalytic theories emphasize the potential for self-realization and the importance of addressing social and cultural, rather than biological, factors in personality development. She challenged traditional Freudian views, particularly Freud's concept of "penis envy," which she argued stemmed from cultural influences rather than inherent biological differences. Horney believed that any sense of inferiority in women was a result of societal conditioning, such as...
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

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A network perspective on cognitive function and obsessive-compulsive related symptoms.

Yimeng Pan1, Chuanyong Xu2, Tingxin He1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|March 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Network analysis reveals key cognitive functions like IQ and obsession are central to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptoms. This research deepens understanding of cognitive dysfunction in OCD, potentially aiding prediction and diagnosis.

Keywords:
Cognitive functionNetwork analysisOCD-related symptomsObsessive-compulsive disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychopathology Research
  • Network Science Applications

Background:

  • The interplay between cognitive function and psychopathological symptoms is a significant area of recent research.
  • Previous studies often used case-control designs, limiting a comprehensive understanding of intercorrelations.
  • Multivariate analyses are crucial for exploring complex relationships among cognitive and symptom phenotypes in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply network analysis to investigate the intricate relationships between cognitive variables and OCD-related symptoms.
  • To compare network structures of cognitive and symptom phenotypes between patients with OCD and healthy controls.
  • To identify key cognitive and symptom nodes within the network structure.

Main Methods:

  • Employed network analysis on a dataset of 226 participants (OCD patients and healthy controls).
  • Constructed separate networks for cognitive variables and OCD-related symptoms.
  • Analyzed network features, including node strengths and connectivity, to compare between groups.

Main Results:

  • Identified key nodes in the cognitive-OCD symptom network, including IQ, letter/number span, task switching accuracy, and obsession.
  • Obsession and IQ demonstrated significant importance based on network strength and edge connections.
  • Observed strong similarities in network structures between OCD patients and controls, with a slightly higher overall connectivity in the healthy group's symptom network.

Conclusions:

  • Highlights the critical role of variables like obsession and IQ from a network perspective in understanding OCD.
  • Enhances comprehension of the multivariate associations between cognitive deficits and OCD symptoms.
  • Suggests potential implications for improving the prediction and diagnosis of OCD.