Urethral Caruncle with Associated Renoureteric Anomalies

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Urology
• Gynecologic Pathology

Background:

• Urethral caruncles are rare benign growths at the urethral meatus, typically affecting postmenopausal women.
• Their aetiopathogenesis remains largely unknown, with limited pediatric case reports.

Observation:

• A 3-year-old female presented with a month of intermittent vaginal bleeding.
• Clinical examination revealed a prolapsed mass at the urethral meatus, diagnosed as a urethral caruncle.
• Associated renal anomalies were identified, a finding not previously documented in literature.

Findings:

• The patient received conservative management with twice-daily Sitz baths and topical 0.1% betamethasone cream.
• Significant clinical improvement was observed within six weeks of treatment.
• Complete resolution of the urethral caruncle was confirmed at a two-year follow-up.

Implications:

• This case expands the differential diagnosis for pediatric urethral masses and vaginal bleeding.
• It suggests conservative management may be effective for pediatric urethral caruncles.
• The co-occurrence of renal anomalies warrants further investigation into potential underlying genetic or developmental factors.