Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

406
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
406
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

1.1K
Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
1.1K
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

270
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
270
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

304
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
304
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

391
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
391
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

245
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
245

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early brain-penetrant immunotherapy reverses interferon signature and improves motor outcome in a case of ADAR1-related Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.

Clinical & translational immunology·2026
Same author

Leveraging Administrative Health Data to Capture Rare Adverse Drug Reactions: Identifying Pediatric Patients With Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Pharmacology research & perspectives·2026
Same author

A Survey of Junior Faculty: Current State of Junior Faculty Mentorship in Physical Therapy Education.

Journal, physical therapy education·2026
Same author

Neighborhood Opportunity and Mental Health-Related Hospitalization Rates Among Children and Youths in 12 U.S. States.

Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Optimizing Sedation to Discharge Time for Orthopedic Patients in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

Hospital pediatrics·2026
Same author

Boarding Pass to Better Medication Delivery for Boarded Pediatric Emergency Patients.

Hospital pediatrics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

4.9K

Croup associated with COVID-19: A case series.

Jessica Hayes1, Marla Levine1, S Barron Frazier1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Children's Way, 8161 DOT, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.

JEM Reports
|March 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 Omicron variant cases in children showed a higher admission rate for croup compared to pre-pandemic periods. Most children recovered, but severe cases highlighted the need for careful management.

Keywords:
COVID-19CroupLaryngotracheitisOmicronStridor

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.3K
Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
08:05

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia

Published on: December 19, 2020

14.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

4.9K
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.3K
Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
08:05

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia

Published on: December 19, 2020

14.3K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Illnesses

Background:

  • Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) incidence decreased during early COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns.
  • A resurgence of croup cases, particularly associated with the Omicron variant, has been observed.
  • Limited data exists on severe or treatment-refractory COVID-19-associated croup in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation and outcomes of pediatric croup linked to the Omicron variant.
  • To focus on identifying and describing cases of croup refractory to standard treatments.
  • To provide insights into managing severe COVID-19-associated croup in children.

Main Methods:

  • A case series design was employed.
  • Included children aged 0-18 years diagnosed with croup and COVID-19.
  • Data collected from a children's hospital ED in the Southeastern US (December 2021 - January 2022).

Main Results:

  • 81 patient encounters were analyzed.
  • Most patients (72.8%) were discharged from the emergency department.
  • 19 patients (23.5%) required hospital admission, with 3.7% admitted to the ICU.
  • Compared to pre-pandemic, a wider age range, higher admission rates, and fewer coinfections were noted.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19-associated croup with the Omicron variant presents across a wide age range.
  • While most cases had favorable outcomes with low revisit rates, some refractory cases require careful management.
  • Findings emphasize the need for tailored management strategies for severe pediatric croup during viral surges.