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Encephalomyelitis in a patient with monkeypox: an unusual complication
Daniel S Marín-Medina1, Laura Castilla-Gómez2, Marcela Poveda2
1Research Group NeuroUnal, Neurology Unit, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. dmarinme@unal.edu.co.
Journal of Neurovirology
|March 3, 2023
Summary
This study reports a rare case of severe central nervous system (CNS) complications in monkeypox (mpox). Treatment with corticosteroids and immunoglobulin G led to patient improvement when antivirals were unavailable.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Global outbreak of monkeypox (mpox) with rare central nervous system (CNS) complications.
- Neurological involvement in mpox, such as encephalitis or myelitis, is exceptionally uncommon.
Observation:
- A 30-year-old male with PCR-confirmed mpox presented with rapid neurological decline.
- MRI revealed extensive inflammatory brain and spinal cord involvement, mimicking acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).
Findings:
- The patient received high-dose corticosteroids for 5 days, followed by 5 days of immunoglobulin G, due to unavailability of antiviral treatments.
- Initial treatment response was poor, but subsequent administration of immunoglobulin G led to clinical and radiological improvement.
Implications:
- This case highlights a potential therapeutic approach for severe CNS mpox when specific antivirals are inaccessible.
- Further research is warranted to understand the efficacy and mechanisms of immunomodulatory therapies in mpox-related neurological complications.
