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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.0K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

1.5K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
1.5K
Mechanical Systems01:22

Mechanical Systems

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Mechanical systems are analogous to to electrical networks where springs and masses play similar roles to inductors and capacitors, respectively. A viscous damper in mechanical systems functions similarly to a resistor in electrical networks, dissipating energy. The forces acting on a mass in such systems include an applied force in the direction of motion, counteracted by forces from the spring, a viscous damper, and the mass's acceleration. This interplay of forces is mathematically...
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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

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Enhanced Tripartite Interactions in Spin-Magnon-Mechanical Hybrid Systems.

Xin-Lei Hei1, Peng-Bo Li1,2, Xue-Feng Pan1

  • 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.

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We predict a new way to strongly link nitrogen-vacancy center spins, magnons, and phonons. This quantum spin-magnonics-mechanics coupling could advance quantum information and simulation technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Quantum information science
  • Solid-state physics

Background:

  • Coherent tripartite interactions are crucial for quantum technologies but difficult to achieve.
  • Exploring novel coupling mechanisms is essential for advancing quantum simulation and information processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict and demonstrate a strong tripartite coupling mechanism between NV center spins, magnons, and phonons.
  • To enable direct and strong quantum interactions among disparate degrees of freedom.

Main Methods:

  • Proposing a hybrid system with a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center and a micromagnet.
  • Modulating relative motion between the NV center and micromagnet via parametric drive (two-phonon drive).
  • Utilizing tunable spin-magnon-phonon coupling at the single quantum level.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a tunable and strong spin-magnon-phonon coupling with up to 2 orders of magnitude enhancement.
  • Demonstrated the potential for tripartite entanglement among solid-state spins, magnons, and mechanical motions.
  • Verified the feasibility with realistic experimental parameters.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed protocol enables strong tripartite interactions in quantum spin-magnonics-mechanics systems.
  • This approach can be implemented using established techniques in ion or magnetic traps.
  • Paves the way for quantum simulations and information processing using strongly coupled tripartite systems.