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Food insecurity screening in clinics is vital. Patients want help, but clinics face barriers like resource demands and referral difficulties, hindering effective food assistance delivery.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Nutrition Security

Background:

  • Food insecurity is a significant public health issue in the U.S., worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Safety net healthcare clinics are crucial points for addressing food insecurity among vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate barriers and facilitators for implementing food insecurity screening and referrals in Los Angeles County safety net clinics prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To understand patient and staff perspectives on integrating food assistance within healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-method approach combining patient surveys (n=1013) and staff interviews (n=12) in Los Angeles County safety net clinics.
  • Descriptive statistics analyzed patient food insecurity status, attitudes towards food assistance, and public program usage.
  • Qualitative interviews explored effective and sustainable screening and referral strategies.

Main Results:

  • Patients expressed a positive reception to receiving food assistance within clinics, with 45% preferring direct discussion with their doctor.
  • Significant missed opportunities for screening and referral were identified at the clinic level.
  • Key barriers included competing staff/clinic demands, challenges in establishing referral pathways, and data-related concerns.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating food insecurity screening into clinical practice necessitates robust infrastructure support, comprehensive staff training, and strong clinic engagement.
  • Enhanced coordination among local government, health center entities, and public health agencies is essential for successful implementation.