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Related Concept Videos

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is slower than the...
Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...

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Related Experiment Video

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Examination of Host Phenotypes in Gambusia affinis Following Antibiotic Treatment
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Chronic Ciguatera Poisoning: A Case Report.

Kelly K Johnson-Arbor1

  • 1MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; National Capital Poison Center, Washington, DC.

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine
|March 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Ciguatera poisoning, a marine toxin illness, can cause chronic symptoms like itching and tingling. This case highlights long-term neurological effects and triggers, emphasizing clinical diagnosis and symptom management.

Keywords:
anxietyciguatoxinsfood-borne diseasesneurologic manifestations

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Neurology
  • Marine Biology

Background:

  • Ciguatera poisoning is a prevalent marine toxin-induced illness.
  • It results from consuming fish contaminated with ciguatoxins.
  • These toxins activate voltage-sensitive sodium channels, causing neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Observation:

  • A 40-year-old man developed chronic symptoms after eating amberjack in the US Virgin Islands.
  • Initial symptoms included diarrhea, cold allodynia, and paresthesias, evolving into persistent pruritus and paresthesias.
  • Symptoms exacerbated after consuming alcohol, fish, nuts, and chocolate.

Findings:

  • Neurologic evaluation ruled out other causes, confirming chronic ciguatera poisoning.
  • Treatment involved duloxetine and pregabalin for neuropathic symptoms.
  • Patients were advised to avoid trigger foods.

Implications:

  • Chronic ciguatera is a clinical diagnosis with potential long-term effects.
  • Pathophysiology may involve genetic or immune factors.
  • Management focuses on supportive care and dietary/environmental trigger avoidance.