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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Back to the future: breast surgery with tumescent local anesthesia (TLA)?
B Boeer1, G Helms2, J Pasternak2
1Department of Women's Health, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. bettina.boeer@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
Purpose:
Breast surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia. Tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) offers the possibility to anesthetize large areas with highly diluted local anesthetic.
Methods:
In this paper, the implementation, and experiences with TLA in the field of breast surgery are discussed.
Conclusion:
For carefully selected indications, breast surgery in TLA represents an alternative to ITN.

