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Performance Validity Test Failure in the Clinical Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence

Jeroen J Roor1,2, Maarten J V Peters3, Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald3,4

  • 1Department of Medical Psychology, VieCuri Medical Center, Venlo, The Netherlands. jeroen.roor@maastrichtuniversity.nl.

Neuropsychology Review
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PubMed
Summary

Accurate interpretation of neuropsychological test data relies on understanding performance validity test (PVT) failure rates. This review found a pooled PVT failure base rate of 16% in clinical populations, varying by context.

Keywords:
Base rateClinical assessmentsInvalid performanceMeta-analysisPerformance validity testPrevalence

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Performance validity tests (PVTs) assess the reliability of neuropsychological assessment data.
  • Interpreting PVT results requires knowledge of base rates (prevalence) of failure within specific clinical contexts.
  • Accurate base rate data is crucial for calculating the diagnostic accuracy of PVTs.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide crucial base rate information for calculating predictive statistics (e.g., positive predictive value) of PVTs.
  • Improved diagnostic accuracy in performance validity determination can be achieved using these base rates.
  • Further research with detailed methodology is needed to refine base rate estimates in clinical practice.