Nephrotoxicity associated with anticancer agents: perspective on onconephrology from nephrologists
Takeshi Matsubara1, Hideki Yokoi2, Hiroyuki Yamada3
1Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. mtake@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
International Journal of Clinical Oncology
|March 5, 2023
Summary
Nephrotoxicity is a major complication for cancer patients, often leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). Understanding if kidney problems stem from cancer or its treatment is crucial for patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Nephrotoxicity is a significant complication in cancer patients, impacting treatment efficacy and survival.
- Anticancer agents can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, proteinuria, and hypertension.
- Differentiating cancer-related from treatment-related renal impairment is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of anticancer agent-induced nephrotoxicity.
- To discuss various clinical manifestations of kidney damage in cancer patients.
- To highlight the importance of identifying the cause of renal impairment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on anticancer agent-induced nephrotoxicity.
- Analysis of epidemiological data and pathophysiological mechanisms.
- Synthesis of information on clinical signs and causes of renal impairment.
Main Results:
- Anticancer treatments are a common cause of AKI in cancer patients.
- Nephrotoxicity presents with diverse clinical signs including proteinuria and hypertension.
- Both cancer and its treatment can contribute to kidney damage.
Conclusions:
- Recognizing the cause of renal impairment is vital for managing cancer patients.
- Effective management strategies require understanding the multifactorial nature of nephrotoxicity.
- Further research is needed to mitigate treatment-related kidney injury.
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