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[Urolithiasis in pediatrics: analysis of 34 patients]
Insights
This study analyzed 34 pediatric urolithiasis cases, finding infections and metabolic disorders as key causes. Preventive metaphylaxis is crucial for reducing stone recurrence in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
Context:
- Urolithiasis incidence is rising in children.
- A retrospective analysis of 34 pediatric cases from 1976-1986 at University Medical School Vienna.
Purpose:
- To report on the characteristics, causes, and management of pediatric urolithiasis.
- To highlight the importance of metaphylaxis in preventing stone formation.
Summary:
- Most pediatric urolithiasis patients (59%) were under 7 years old, with males predominating (62%).
- Common causes included recurrent urinary tract infections (32%) and metabolic disorders (27%), such as hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria. Idiopathic calculi were found in 13 patients.
- Infectious stones were primarily magnesium ammonium phosphate, while idiopathic stones were mainly calcium oxalate. Treatment involved surgery (62%) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (one patient).
Impact:
- Findings underscore the need for early diagnosis and tailored management strategies for pediatric urolithiasis.
- Emphasizes the critical role of adequate metaphylaxis, including general, dietary, and medicinal approaches, in lowering stone formation rates.
Abstract:
The increasing incidence of urolithiasis makes it important to report about 34 children with urolithiasis seen between 1976 and 1986 at the Department of Pediatrics, University Medical School Vienna. At the time of the first diagnosis 59 percent of the patients were less than 7 years of age; 62 percent of our patients were males. Recurrent chronic urinary tract infection in 32 percent, metabolic disorder (secondary hyperoxaluria 5, idiopathic hypercalciuria 3, cystinuria 2, hyperuricuria 2) in 27 percent were evaluated; in 13 patients the origin of calculi was idiopathic. Most infectious stones contained magnesium ammonium phosphate, most idiopathic stones calcium oxalate. In 21 patients (62%) surgical treatment, in one patient extracorporal shock wave lithotripsie was realized. Adequate metaphylaxis (general, dietetic, medicementous) can lower the rate of occurrence of stone formation.