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Collection and Processing of Lymph Nodes from Large Animals for RNA Analysis: Preparing for Lymph Node Transcriptomic Studies of Large Animal Species
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Identifying hepatic genes regulating the ovine response to gastrointestinal nematodes using RNA-Sequencing.

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Anthelmintic resistance necessitates alternative strategies for controlling gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep. This study identified key liver gene expression changes in sheep exposed to parasites, revealing immune response upregulation and lipid metabolism downregulation, crucial for selective breeding programs.

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RNA sequenc inggastrointestinal nematode (GIN)liverovinetranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Molecular Biology
  • Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections are a major concern in grazing sheep, with increasing anthelmintic resistance limiting chemical control efficacy.
  • Genetic resistance to GIN infections is a heritable trait, offering potential for selective breeding to improve disease resistance in sheep populations.
  • Understanding the host's molecular response to GIN infection is crucial for identifying genetic markers for disease resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare liver transcriptomes of GIN-exposed sheep (high and low parasite burdens) with GIN-unexposed controls.
  • To identify key regulator genes and biological processes associated with natural GIN infection in sheep.
  • To uncover potential genetic markers for enhancing disease resistance through selective breeding.

Main Methods:

  • RNA-sequencing was employed to analyze liver transcriptomes from naturally GIN-exposed and unexposed sheep.
  • Differential gene expression analysis was performed to identify significant changes in gene transcript levels.
  • Functional analysis was conducted on differentially expressed genes to determine associated biological processes.

Main Results:

  • No significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found between sheep with high versus low parasite burdens.
  • Compared to controls, low parasite burden sheep had 146 DEGs (64 upregulated, 82 downregulated), and high parasite burden sheep had 159 DEGs (57 upregulated, 102 downregulated).
  • Eighty-six DEGs were common to both parasite burden groups compared to controls, with upregulated genes involved in immune response and downregulated genes in lipid metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Liver transcriptome analysis reveals distinct gene expression patterns in GIN-infected sheep compared to uninfected controls.
  • Upregulated immune response genes and downregulated lipid metabolism genes are key indicators of the host's response to GIN infection.
  • These findings provide insights into host-parasite interactions and identify potential targets for genetic selection to improve sheep resistance to GIN.