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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
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Immunoglobulin a (IgA) Vasculitis in the Elderly.

Adriana Girao1, José A Fernandes1, Filipe S Mira2

  • 1Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, PRT.

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|March 6, 2023
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Summary

IgA vasculitis, a rare adult condition, involves IgA immune complex deposition. This case highlights successful treatment of severe, systemic IgA vasculitis in an elderly patient using corticosteroids.

Keywords:
elderly populationglomerular iga staininghenoch-schönlein purpura (iga vasculitis)ig a vasculitisiga nephropathtypalpable purpura

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a small vessel vasculitis characterized by IgA immune complex deposition.
  • While common in children, IgAV is rare in adults, often presenting with increased severity and mortality.
  • Prognosis in IgAV is significantly influenced by the extent of renal involvement.

Observation:

  • A 71-year-old female presented with a month-long history of purpuric lesions on limbs, fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and hematochezia.
  • The patient was diagnosed with IgA vasculitis.
  • Full systemic involvement, including renal, dermatological, intestinal, and cerebral manifestations, was identified.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited widespread IgA vasculitis with multi-organ involvement.
  • Parenteral corticotherapy was administered as treatment.
  • An excellent clinical response to corticosteroid therapy was observed.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering IgA vasculitis in adult patients presenting with relevant symptoms.
  • Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment, such as corticotherapy, can lead to favorable outcomes even in severe adult cases.
  • Further research into adult-onset IgAV is warranted to understand its unique pathophysiology and optimize management strategies.