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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
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Chunks, pauses, and holistic processing in Mandarin spontaneous speech.

Dongyue Xie1,2, Hua Chen3, Bin Li2

  • 1School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Frontiers in Psychology
|March 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that multiword sequences, or chunks, are processed holistically by native Mandarin speakers. Chunk categories and speech context influence how these chunks are mentally processed and produced.

Keywords:
chunkholistic processingpausephonological coherencespontaneous speech

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Chunks are multiword sequences with independent meaning, hypothesized to be processed holistically.
  • Previous research noted pauses at chunk boundaries, but less explored chunk category influence on mental processing and intonational continuity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which chunks are holistically processed in spontaneous Mandarin speech.
  • To examine the influence of chunk categories and speech genres on mental processing and pause placement.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of spontaneous Mandarin monologs in formal and informal settings.
  • Examination of the co-occurrence of chunks with pause-defined processing units.
  • Analysis of pause placement and hesitations around chunks.

Main Results:

  • Mandarin chunks are typically within a single processing unit, smaller than the unit itself.
  • Chunk categories significantly influence mental processing patterns and hesitation distribution.
  • Speech genre (formal/informal) affects chunk processing, with speakers maintaining intonational continuity.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the holistic processing of chunks in the mental lexicon.
  • Chunk properties and speech context significantly impact cognitive processing during speech production.
  • Results offer implications for theories on the syntactic-prosody interface and Mandarin language instruction.