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Durability is improved by both low and high intensity endurance training
Pekka Matomäki1,2, Olli J Heinonen2, Ari Nummela3
1Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Frontiers in Physiology
|March 6, 2023
Summary
Both low-intensity (LIT) and high-intensity endurance training (HIT) similarly improved exercise durability by reducing physiological drifts and strain. While HIT also increased maximal oxygen uptake, both training types enhanced performance over 10 weeks.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Science
- Human Performance
Background:
- Endurance training enhances physiological adaptations for prolonged exercise.
- Defining and measuring exercise durability is crucial for understanding training effects.
- Previous research has not extensively compared low-intensity (LIT) and high-intensity (HIT) training impacts on exercise durability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of 10-week LIT and HIT interventions on exercise durability in sedentary and recreationally active individuals.
- To analyze durability based on the magnitude and onset of physiological drifts and overall physiological strain during prolonged exercise.
Main Methods:
- Participants (n=35) underwent either LIT (6.8 h/week) or HIT (1.6 h/week) cycling for 10 weeks.
- Durability was assessed before and after training via 3-hour cycling at 48% of pretraining maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).
- Measurements included physiological drifts (energy expenditure, heart rate, ventilation, etc.) and physiological strain (heart rate, lactate, RPE).
Main Results:
- Both LIT and HIT groups showed similar improvements in overall durability (p < 0.05).
- HIT led to significant reductions in the magnitude and onset of physiological drifts and improved physiological strain (p < 0.05).
- LIT significantly improved physiological strain (p < 0.01) but did not significantly alter drift magnitude or onset (p > 0.05).
- Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) increased only in the HIT group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Both LIT and HIT enhance exercise durability through improved physiological regulation during prolonged exercise.
- While both training types are effective, HIT demonstrates a greater impact on reducing physiological drifts and increasing VO2max.
- A 10-week intervention can attenuate physiological strain and improve durability, even if significant alterations in drift onset and magnitude are not consistently observed across all training intensities.
Keywords:
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