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Components, prospects and challenges of personalized prevention
Stefanie Jaskulski1,2, Cosima Nuszbaum1,2, Karin B Michels1,2,3
1Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Frontiers in Public Health
|March 6, 2023
Summary
Personalized prevention strategies, leveraging genetics and multi-omics, offer a tailored approach to combat complex non-communicable diseases. This moves beyond one-size-fits-all public health methods for better individual risk stratification and disease prevention.
Area of Science:
- Genomics and Public Health
- Personalized Medicine
- Disease Prevention
Background:
- Rising incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular disease and cancer necessitates novel strategies.
- Current prevention efforts often use a "one size fits all" approach, which is insufficient for heterogeneous diseases.
- Individual disease risk is influenced by a complex interplay of clinical, genetic, and environmental factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the core components of personalized prevention.
- To provide illustrative examples of personalized prevention strategies.
- To discuss the opportunities and challenges in implementing personalized prevention.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent advances in genetics and multi-omics technologies.
- Analysis of individual-level disease risk stratification.
- Exploration of personalized prevention frameworks.
Main Results:
- Genetics and multi-omics enable precise stratification of disease risks at an individual level.
- Personalized prevention fosters tailored strategies for complex diseases.
- The article outlines key elements and examples for implementing personalized prevention.
Conclusions:
- Personalized prevention represents a significant advancement over traditional public health approaches for NCDs.
- Overcoming implementation challenges is crucial for widespread adoption.
- Physicians, policymakers, and public health professionals should embrace personalized prevention for improved health outcomes.
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