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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Cancer Patients in the U.S

Cenjing Zhu1, Tiantian Shi2, Changchuan Jiang3

  • 1Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

JACC. Cardiooncology
|March 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Black cancer patients face higher risks of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to other racial groups. Addressing these disparities is crucial for improving cancer survivorship care.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Health Disparities Research

Background:

  • Cancer survival rates are improving, increasing focus on non-cancer causes of death, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Limited understanding exists regarding racial and ethnic disparities in all-cause and CVD mortality among cancer patients in the U.S.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial and ethnic disparities in all-cause and CVD mortality among adult cancer patients in the United States.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2000-2018).
  • Included patients aged ≥18 at diagnosis with one of the 10 most prevalent cancers.
  • Employed Cox regression and Fine and Gray's competing risks method to analyze mortality data.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of 3,674,511 participants revealed higher all-cause (HR: 1.13) and CVD (HR: 1.25) mortality in non-Hispanic Black individuals compared to non-Hispanic White patients.
  • Hispanic and non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander patients exhibited lower mortality rates.
  • Disparities were more pronounced in younger adults (18-54 years) and those with localized cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Significant racial and ethnic disparities in all-cause and CVD mortality persist among U.S. cancer patients.
  • Highlights the need for accessible cardiovascular interventions and targeted strategies for high-risk cancer populations.
  • Emphasizes the importance of early and long-term survivorship care to mitigate these disparities.
Abstract

Keywords:
CVD, cardiovascular diseaseNH, non-HispanicSEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Resultscancer survivorshipcardio-oncologyoutcomesracial and ethnic disparities

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