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Anatomical Basis for the Lower Eyelid Rejuvenation
Istemihan Coban1, Okan Derin2, Suzan Sirinturk2
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Turkey.
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
|March 6, 2023
Summary
Facial aging causes tear troughs, which are lower eyelid deformities. Understanding lower eyelid anatomy, including fat pads and fibrous supports, is key for effective facial rejuvenation procedures.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Plastic Surgery
- Facial Rejuvenation
Background:
- Tear troughs are a visible sign of facial aging.
- Accurate anatomical understanding is crucial for correcting tear trough deformities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anatomical characteristics of the lower eyelid.
- To provide data for improving tear trough deformity correction.
Main Methods:
- Microdissection of 50 cadaver lower eyelids.
- Analysis of fat pad types, herniation, and fibrous support.
- Photogrammetry and ImageJ software for area comparison.
Main Results:
- Orbital fat herniation causing palpebral bags occurred in 100% of cases.
- Arcus marginalis contributes significantly to midface aging.
- Three fat pad types were identified: Type 1 (36%), Type 2 (20%), and Type 3 (44%), with medial fat pads being larger and more prone to herniation.
Conclusions:
- Lower eyelid morphology analysis aids in safe and effective surgical procedures.
- Preservation of the inferior oblique muscle and arcuate expansion is vital.
- Surgeons should utilize anatomical data for aesthetic and reconstructive lower eyelid surgery.
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