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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
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Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
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Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage
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Access to Immediately Available Balanced Blood Products in a Rural State's Trauma System.

W Andrew Smedley1, Charles D Mabry2, Terry Collins1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.

The American Surgeon
|March 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Access to balanced blood products for trauma patients in Arkansas is limited, with only 16% of centers providing them. Improving access to whole blood and plasma could enhance trauma resuscitation efforts statewide.

Keywords:
balanced blood productsdamage control resuscitationruralthawed or non-frozen plasmawhole blood

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma care and resuscitation
  • Blood product availability and logistics

Background:

  • The Arkansas Trauma System mandates blood product maintenance for trauma centers.
  • Resuscitation strategies have shifted towards Damage Control Resuscitation using balanced blood products.
  • This study assesses the current availability of balanced blood products within the state's Trauma System.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the accessibility of balanced blood products across all trauma centers in the Arkansas Trauma System.
  • To evaluate the geospatial distribution and availability of Immediately Available Balanced Blood (IABB).

Main Methods:

  • A statewide survey of all trauma centers within the Arkansas Trauma System was conducted.
  • Geospatial analysis was used to assess the proximity of trauma centers to essential blood products.
  • Immediately Available Balanced Blood (IABB) was defined by specific unit counts of red blood cells, plasma, and platelets, or whole blood.

Main Results:

  • All surveyed trauma centers maintain red blood cells; however, plasma and platelet availability varies significantly by trauma center level.
  • Only 16% of Level III Trauma Centers and half of Level II Trauma Centers stock thawed or never-frozen plasma.
  • While 85% of the population is within 30 minutes of red blood cells, only about a third are within this range of IABB, with median drive times of 59 minutes for IABB.

Conclusions:

  • A significant gap exists in the provision of Immediately Available Balanced Blood (IABB) across Arkansas, with only 16% of trauma centers capable of providing it.
  • Approximately 61% of the state's population can access IABB within 60 minutes, highlighting a need for improved distribution.
  • Strategic distribution of whole blood, thawed plasma, or never-frozen plasma to hospitals within the state trauma system can reduce the time to access balanced blood products.