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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Neurodevelopmental Reflex Testing in Neonatal Rat Pups
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Krill oil supplementation's effect on school grades in typically developing adolescents.

Inge S M van der Wurff1, Clemens von Schacky2, Trygve Bergeland3

  • 1Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open Univerity of the Netherlands, 6419 AT Heerlen, the Netherlands.

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids
|March 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study found no significant effect of krill oil supplementation on adolescent school grades, despite some initial associations between Omega-3 Index and English performance. Results should be interpreted cautiously due to participant dropouts.

Keywords:
AdolescentsKrill oilOmega-3 fatty acidsOmega-3 indexSchool gradesSchool performance

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Health
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are crucial for brain development and cognitive function.
  • Previous studies suggest a link between fish consumption (a LCPUFA source) and better school performance in adolescents.
  • The impact of direct LCPUFA supplementation on adolescent academic outcomes remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between Omega-3 Index (O3I) levels and adolescent school grades.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of one-year krill oil supplementation in improving school performance among adolescents with low baseline O3I.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving adolescents with low baseline O3I.
  • Participants received either krill oil (providing eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) or a placebo for 12 months.
  • Omega-3 Index was measured via finger prick; school grades (English, Dutch, Math) and a standardized math test were assessed.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was observed between baseline O3I and English grades, with a trend for Dutch grades.
  • Krill oil supplementation led to a small increase in O3I, but few participants reached the target range (8-11%).
  • No significant improvements were found in subject grades or standardized math test scores following supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • Krill oil supplementation did not demonstrate a significant effect on adolescent academic performance in this study.
  • Observed associations between O3I and grades at baseline did not persist after 12 months.
  • High dropout rates and non-adherence necessitate cautious interpretation of the findings.