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Case report: Halicephalobus gingivalis in a Tennessee pony
Eliza Baker1, Abby Geick2, Melissa Hines2
1Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Room A233, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Veterinary Parasitology, Regional Studies and Reports
|March 6, 2023
Summary
A rare nematode, Halicephalobus gingivalis, caused fatal lesions in a pony. Diagnosis was confirmed via biopsy and PCR, despite treatment attempts.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Neurology
- Parasitology
- Equine Medicine
Background:
- Halicephalobus gingivalis is a rare nematode with a history of causing lethal infections in horses and humans.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing parasitic infections in equines.
Observation:
- A 17-year-old pony presented with multifocal, firm, sessile lesions on its ventrum and flank.
- Biopsy revealed adult and larval rhabditid nematodes, identified as Halicephalobus gingivalis via PCR.
- The pony developed neurological signs five months post-diagnosis.
Findings:
- PCR analysis of central nervous system (CNS) tissues confirmed Halicephalobus gingivalis.
- Histological examination of the cerebellum revealed an adult worm and multiple larvae.
- Despite treatment with ivermectin and fenbendazole, the infection proved fatal.
Implications:
- This case highlights the aggressive nature of Halicephalobus gingivalis infections in equines.
- It underscores the importance of considering rare parasitic causes in equine neurological disease.
- Further research into Halicephalobus gingivalis pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.
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