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Chronic Kidney Disease in Children

Judith Sebestyen VanSickle1, Bradley A Warady1

  • 1Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children requires multidisciplinary care for nutritional and medical complications. Maintenance dialysis offers a high survival rate for pediatric patients with end-stage renal failure.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Medicine
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children often stems from congenital anomalies and hereditary conditions.
  • Advanced CKD necessitates comprehensive management of nutritional needs and complications like hypertension, hyperphosphatemia, proteinuria, and anemia.
  • Neurocognitive assessment and psychosocial support are crucial components of pediatric CKD care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key aspects of managing chronic kidney disease in children.
  • To highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in pediatric CKD.
  • To present survival data for children undergoing maintenance dialysis for end-stage renal failure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established clinical practices for pediatric CKD.
  • Analysis of data regarding complications and supportive care in pediatric renal failure.
  • Presentation of survival statistics for children on maintenance dialysis.

Main Results:

  • Maintenance dialysis is the standard of care for pediatric end-stage renal failure globally.
  • Children younger than 12 years demonstrate a 95% survival rate after 3 years on dialysis.
  • Survival rates for younger children (≤4 years) are approximately 82% at one year of dialysis.

Conclusions:

  • Multidisciplinary management is essential for pediatric CKD patients.
  • Maintenance dialysis is an effective treatment for end-stage renal failure in children.
  • Dialysis offers significant long-term survival benefits for pediatric patients with CKD.

Keywords:
CKDDialysisESKDPediatricsTransplant

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