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An update on the development of antiviral against Mayaro virus: from molecules to potential viral targets
Marina Paschoalino1, Mikaela Dos Santos Marinho1, Igor Andrade Santos1
1Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Abstract:
Mayaro virus (MAYV), first isolated in 1954 in Trinidad and Tobago islands, is the causative agent of Mayaro fever, a disease characterized by fever, rashes, headaches, myalgia, and arthralgia. The infection can progress to a chronic condition in over 50% of cases, with persistent arthralgia, which can lead to the disability of the infected individuals. MAYV is mainly transmitted through the bite of the female Haemagogus spp. mosquito genus. However, studies demonstrate that Aedes aegypti is also a vector, contributing to the spread of MAYV beyond endemic areas, given the vast geographical distribution of the mosquito. Besides, the similarity of antigenic sites with other Alphavirus complicates the diagnoses of MAYV, contributing to underreporting of the disease. Nowadays, there are no antiviral drugs available to treat infected patients, being the clinical management based on analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In this context, this review aims to summarize compounds that have demonstrated antiviral activity against MAYV in vitro, as well as discuss the potentiality of viral proteins as targets for the development of antiviral drugs against MAYV. Finally, through rationalization of the data presented herein, we wish to encourage further research encompassing these compounds as potential anti-MAYV drug candidates.
Insights
Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes Mayaro fever, leading to chronic arthralgia. This review explores compounds with in vitro antiviral activity against MAYV, identifying potential drug candidates for future development.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Drug Discovery
Background:
- Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes Mayaro fever, characterized by fever, rash, and severe arthralgia, potentially leading to chronic disability.
- Transmission occurs via mosquito vectors, primarily Haemagogus spp. and Aedes aegypti, facilitating geographic spread.
- Diagnostic challenges due to antigenic similarities with other Alphaviruses contribute to underreporting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review compounds demonstrating in vitro antiviral activity against Mayaro virus.
- To discuss the potential of viral proteins as therapeutic targets for MAYV.
- To encourage further research into novel anti-MAYV drug candidates.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies reporting in vitro antiviral activity against MAYV.
- Analysis of potential viral protein targets for drug development.
- Synthesis of current data to identify promising therapeutic avenues.
Main Results:
- Several compounds have shown in vitro efficacy against MAYV.
- Specific viral proteins are identified as potential targets for antiviral intervention.
- The review consolidates existing knowledge on MAYV antivirals.
Conclusions:
- There is a need for effective antiviral treatments against Mayaro virus, as current management relies on symptomatic relief.
- Identified compounds and potential viral targets warrant further investigation as anti-MAYV drug candidates.
- This review provides a foundation for developing novel therapeutic strategies against Mayaro virus infections.
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