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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
160
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

143
Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...
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Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

286
Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
286
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

307
An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
307
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

245
Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Structured Approach to Colonoscopy Technique Optimization: A Single-Center Experience with Novice Endoscopists
03:44

Structured Approach to Colonoscopy Technique Optimization: A Single-Center Experience with Novice Endoscopists

Published on: July 11, 2025

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Colonoscopy in the nonagenarian population.

Michelle Zhiyun Chen1, Min Tan1, Tim Walter2,3

  • 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

ANZ Journal of Surgery
|March 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Colonoscopy is safe for nonagenarians (patients 90+ years old) when carefully selected. This study found no complications or 30-day mortality in this age group, supporting its use.

Keywords:
colonoscopynonagenarian

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • Increasing life expectancy leads to more nonagenarians undergoing surgery.
  • Assessing surgical benefit in nonagenarians is challenging.
  • This study evaluates colonoscopy outcomes in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate clinical outcomes of colonoscopy in nonagenarians (≥90 years old).
  • To determine if colonoscopy interventions are acceptable for this demographic.
  • To assess safety and efficacy of colonoscopy in the very elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of patients aged 90 and above undergoing colonoscopy.
  • Data collected between January 2018 and November 2022.
  • Exclusion of patients undergoing colonoscopy as part of a surgical procedure.

Main Results:

  • Sixty nonagenarian patients (median age 91) were included.
  • 11.7% of patients had colorectal malignancy detected.
  • No post-colonoscopy complications, 30-day re-admission, morbidity, or mortality were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Colonoscopy is a safe procedure for carefully selected nonagenarian patients.
  • Low complication rates support the continued use of colonoscopy in this population.
  • The findings indicate acceptable outcomes for interventions in the very elderly.