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A Landscape Analysis of Prevention of Vertical Transmission Program Data and Interventions From Fiscal Years

Tishina Okegbe1, Anouk Amzel2, Rajni Gunnala3

  • 1GHTASC, Credence Management Solutions LLC, Supporting the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Office of HIV/AIDS, Washington, DC.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|March 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Early infant HIV testing and treatment are crucial for preventing vertical transmission. Interventions like mentor mothers and appointment reminders improved testing coverage, showing progress in retaining mother-infant pairs in care.

Area of Science:

  • Global health
  • Pediatric HIV/AIDS
  • Public health interventions

Background:

  • Vertical transmission of HIV remains a significant global health challenge, with 150,000 infant infections in 2020.
  • Social and health system barriers impede continuous care for mother-infant pairs (MIPs).
  • Timely infant HIV testing and treatment linkage are critical for preventing pediatric HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in early infant diagnosis (EID) coverage and outcomes for HIV-exposed infants (HEIs).
  • To identify effective prevention of vertical transmission (PVT) interventions implemented in USAID-supported countries.
  • To assess the impact of interventions on retaining MIPs in the HIV care continuum.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PEPFAR Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting indicators from 14 USAID-supported countries (FY18-FY21).
  • Evaluation of EID 2-month (mo) coverage and final HIV outcome status for HEIs.
  • Qualitative data collection on PVT intervention implementation via a structured survey.

Main Results:

  • Over 716,000 infant HIV tests were conducted between October 2018 and September 2021.
  • EID 2-mo coverage increased from 77.3% in FY19 to 83.5% in FY21.
  • Mentor mothers, appointment reminders, cohort registers, and joint MIP services were highly implemented PVT interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving effective prevention of vertical HIV transmission (eVT) necessitates a client-centered, multi-pronged approach.
  • Successful retention of MIPs in care requires tailored, person-centered solutions.
  • Continued implementation and optimization of PVT interventions are vital for eliminating pediatric HIV.
Abstract

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