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Global mean potassium intake: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis
Catriona Reddin1,2, John Ferguson3, Robert Murphy3
1HRB-Clinical Research Facility, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91YR71, Ireland. reddin.catriona@gmail.com.
European Journal of Nutrition
|March 7, 2023
Summary
Global potassium intake averages 2.25 g/day, falling short of the recommended >3.5 g/day for cardiovascular health. Only 14% of the population meets this target, highlighting a worldwide dietary gap.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Public Health Nutrition
Background:
- Increasing dietary potassium is a key strategy for reducing cardiovascular events, particularly in populations with high sodium intake.
- Current World Health Organisation guidelines recommend a daily potassium intake exceeding 3.5 g.
Approach:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of 104 studies, including 98 nationally representative surveys from 52 countries.
- A Bayesian hierarchical imputation model was employed to estimate mean dietary potassium intake and sodium/potassium ratios, accounting for data limitations.
Key Points:
- Global mean potassium intake is 2.25 g/day, significantly below the recommended >3.5 g/day.
- Regional variations are substantial, with East Asia reporting the lowest intake (1.89 g/day) and Eastern/Western Europe the highest (3.53 g/day and 3.29 g/day, respectively).
- Only 14% of the global population studied achieved the guideline-recommended potassium intake of >3.5 g/day.
Conclusions:
- The global population's mean potassium intake is insufficient to meet public health recommendations for cardiovascular disease prevention.
- Significant regional disparities in potassium consumption necessitate targeted public health interventions.
- Addressing low potassium intake is crucial for mitigating cardiovascular risk globally.
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