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Reshoring silicon photovoltaics manufacturing contributes to decarbonization and climate change mitigation
Haoyue Liang1, Fengqi You2,3,4
1Systems Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
Nature Communications
|March 8, 2023
Summary
Reshoring crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) panel manufacturing in the U.S. can significantly cut greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. This strategy enhances domestic competitiveness and supports climate targets by reducing reliance on global supply chains.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Energy Policy
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Global supply chains for crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) panels face increasing risks from freight crises and geopolitical instability.
- Reliance on foreign PV panel supplies poses a threat to major renewable energy projects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the climate change implications of reshoring solar panel manufacturing.
- To evaluate the strategy of domestic PV panel production for supply chain resilience.
Main Methods:
- Projected greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption for domestic c-Si PV panel manufacturing.
- Comparative analysis against global import reliance scenarios.
Main Results:
- Reshoring U.S. c-Si PV panel manufacturing by 2035 could lower greenhouse gas emissions by 30% and energy consumption by 13% compared to 2020 global imports.
- Achieving this target by 2050 could yield further reductions of 33% in climate impact and 17% in energy consumption.
Conclusions:
- Reshored manufacturing boosts domestic competitiveness and contributes to decarbonization goals.
- The projected reductions in climate change impacts align with established climate targets, demonstrating the viability of domestic solar panel production.
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