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Establishing Pollination Requirements in Japanese Plum by Phenological Monitoring, Hand Pollinations, Fluorescence Microscopy and Molecular Genotyping
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Apomictic Malus plants exhibit abnormal pollen development.

Dan-Dan Liu1, Da-Ru Wang2, Xuan-Yu Yang1

  • 1College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.

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|March 9, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Apomixis, asexual reproduction via seeds, is key for uniform progeny in plant breeding. This study identifies pollen abortion as a simple indicator for detecting apomixis in apple plants.

Keywords:
apomeiosisapomixisapplepollen abortiontranscriptome analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Genetics and genomics
  • Horticultural science

Background:

  • Apomixis, asexual reproduction through seeds, produces genetically uniform offspring.
  • It is valuable in plant breeding for preserving desirable traits and direct seed production.
  • Apomixis is infrequent in major crops but present in some Malus species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the apomictic characteristics in Malus species.
  • To identify factors influencing apomictic reproductive development.
  • To develop a method for detecting apomixis in apple plants.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of four apomictic and two sexually reproducing Malus plants.
  • Transcriptome analysis to identify key biological pathways.
  • Microscopic examination of pollen development and meiotic processes.

Main Results:

  • Plant hormone signal transduction was identified as a major factor in apomixis.
  • Apomictic Malus plants, often triploid, exhibited absent or low pollen density.
  • Pollen mother cells in apomictic plants showed impaired meiosis and mitosis, with upregulated meiosis-related genes.

Conclusions:

  • Pollen abortion is a reliable indicator for identifying apomictic Malus plants.
  • Understanding apomixis mechanisms can enhance its application in apple breeding.
  • This research provides a practical method for screening apomictic apple varieties.