Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Biosensors and Monitoring Technologies

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Cardiology

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of mortality.
• Traditional CVD diagnosis involves inconvenient, time-consuming hospital-based electrocardiography and immunoassay analysis.
• There is a critical need for accessible and rapid CVD detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current landscape of biosensing technologies for cardiovascular disease.
• To summarize common CVD categories, cardiac biomarkers, and heartbeat signal analysis.
• To introduce emerging wearable and implantable biosensors for continuous CVD monitoring.

Main Methods:

• Review of prevalence and categories of CVD.
• Summary of clinical cardiac biomarkers and heartbeat signals for prognosis.
• Introduction and comparison of various biosensing methodologies (chemical, electrochemical, optical, electromechanical).
• Discussion of emerging wearable and implantable biosensors.

Main Results:

• Biosensing technologies enable rapid screening, accurate quantification, and continuous monitoring of CVD markers.
• Advancements in nanotechnology and bioelectronics are driving novel biosensor platforms.
• Wearable and implantable devices offer potential for real-time CVD monitoring.

Conclusions:

• Biosensors represent a significant advancement over traditional CVD diagnostic tools.
• Future research should focus on optimizing biosensor performance and integration for comprehensive CVD management.
• Continuous monitoring via biosensors can lead to improved patient outcomes and reduced CVD mortality.